diff --git a/nixos/doc/manual/development/development.xml b/nixos/doc/manual/development/development.xml index 3fc9c7596883..0b2ad60a878b 100644 --- a/nixos/doc/manual/development/development.xml +++ b/nixos/doc/manual/development/development.xml @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ - + diff --git a/nixos/doc/manual/development/writing-modules.chapter.md b/nixos/doc/manual/development/writing-modules.chapter.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..2e3c6b34f1f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/nixos/doc/manual/development/writing-modules.chapter.md @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ +# Writing NixOS Modules {#sec-writing-modules} + +NixOS has a modular system for declarative configuration. This system +combines multiple *modules* to produce the full system configuration. +One of the modules that constitute the configuration is +`/etc/nixos/configuration.nix`. Most of the others live in the +[`nixos/modules`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/master/nixos/modules) +subdirectory of the Nixpkgs tree. + +Each NixOS module is a file that handles one logical aspect of the +configuration, such as a specific kind of hardware, a service, or +network settings. A module configuration does not have to handle +everything from scratch; it can use the functionality provided by other +modules for its implementation. Thus a module can *declare* options that +can be used by other modules, and conversely can *define* options +provided by other modules in its own implementation. For example, the +module +[`pam.nix`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/security/pam.nix) +declares the option `security.pam.services` that allows other modules (e.g. +[`sshd.nix`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/networking/ssh/sshd.nix)) +to define PAM services; and it defines the option `environment.etc` (declared by +[`etc.nix`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/system/etc/etc.nix)) +to cause files to be created in `/etc/pam.d`. + +In [](#sec-configuration-syntax), we saw the following structure of +NixOS modules: + +```nix +{ config, pkgs, ... }: + +{ option definitions +} +``` + +This is actually an *abbreviated* form of module that only defines +options, but does not declare any. The structure of full NixOS modules +is shown in [Example: Structure of NixOS Modules](#ex-module-syntax). + +::: {#ex-module-syntax .example} +::: {.title} +**Example: Structure of NixOS Modules** +::: +```nix +{ config, pkgs, ... }: + +{ + imports = + [ paths of other modules + ]; + + options = { + option declarations + }; + + config = { + option definitions + }; +} +``` +::: + +The meaning of each part is as follows. + +- The first line makes the current Nix expression a function. The variable + `pkgs` contains Nixpkgs (by default, it takes the `nixpkgs` entry of + `NIX_PATH`, see the [Nix manual](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/#sec-common-env) + for further details), while `config` contains the full system + configuration. This line can be omitted if there is no reference to + `pkgs` and `config` inside the module. + +- This `imports` list enumerates the paths to other NixOS modules that + should be included in the evaluation of the system configuration. A + default set of modules is defined in the file `modules/module-list.nix`. + These don\'t need to be added in the import list. + +- The attribute `options` is a nested set of *option declarations* + (described below). + +- The attribute `config` is a nested set of *option definitions* (also + described below). + +[Example: NixOS Module for the "locate" Service](#locate-example) +shows a module that handles the regular update of the "locate" database, +an index of all files in the file system. This module declares two +options that can be defined by other modules (typically the user's +`configuration.nix`): `services.locate.enable` (whether the database should +be updated) and `services.locate.interval` (when the update should be done). +It implements its functionality by defining two options declared by other +modules: `systemd.services` (the set of all systemd services) and +`systemd.timers` (the list of commands to be executed periodically by +`systemd`). + +::: {#locate-example .example} +::: {.title} +**Example: NixOS Module for the "locate" Service** +::: +```nix +{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }: + +with lib; + +let + cfg = config.services.locate; +in { + options.services.locate = { + enable = mkOption { + type = types.bool; + default = false; + description = '' + If enabled, NixOS will periodically update the database of + files used by the locate command. + ''; + }; + + interval = mkOption { + type = types.str; + default = "02:15"; + example = "hourly"; + description = '' + Update the locate database at this interval. Updates by + default at 2:15 AM every day. + + The format is described in + systemd.time(7). + ''; + }; + + # Other options omitted for documentation + }; + + config = { + systemd.services.update-locatedb = + { description = "Update Locate Database"; + path = [ pkgs.su ]; + script = + '' + mkdir -m 0755 -p $(dirname ${toString cfg.output}) + exec updatedb \ + --localuser=${cfg.localuser} \ + ${optionalString (!cfg.includeStore) "--prunepaths='/nix/store'"} \ + --output=${toString cfg.output} ${concatStringsSep " " cfg.extraFlags} + ''; + }; + + systemd.timers.update-locatedb = mkIf cfg.enable + { description = "Update timer for locate database"; + partOf = [ "update-locatedb.service" ]; + wantedBy = [ "timers.target" ]; + timerConfig.OnCalendar = cfg.interval; + }; + }; +} +``` +::: + +```{=docbook} + + + + + + + + + +``` diff --git a/nixos/doc/manual/development/writing-modules.xml b/nixos/doc/manual/development/writing-modules.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 167976247091..000000000000 --- a/nixos/doc/manual/development/writing-modules.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,191 +0,0 @@ - - Writing NixOS Modules - - NixOS has a modular system for declarative configuration. This system - combines multiple modules to produce the full system - configuration. One of the modules that constitute the configuration is - /etc/nixos/configuration.nix. Most of the others live in - the - nixos/modules - subdirectory of the Nixpkgs tree. - - - Each NixOS module is a file that handles one logical aspect of the - configuration, such as a specific kind of hardware, a service, or network - settings. A module configuration does not have to handle everything from - scratch; it can use the functionality provided by other modules for its - implementation. Thus a module can declare options that - can be used by other modules, and conversely can define - options provided by other modules in its own implementation. For example, the - module - pam.nix - declares the option that allows other - modules (e.g. - sshd.nix) - to define PAM services; and it defines the option - (declared by - etc.nix) - to cause files to be created in /etc/pam.d. - - - In , we saw the following structure - of NixOS modules: - -{ config, pkgs, ... }: - -{ option definitions -} - - This is actually an abbreviated form of module that only - defines options, but does not declare any. The structure of full NixOS - modules is shown in . - - - Structure of NixOS Modules - -{ config, pkgs, ... }: - -{ - imports = - [ paths of other modules - ]; - - options = { - option declarations - }; - - config = { - option definitions - }; -} - - - The meaning of each part is as follows. - - - - This line makes the current Nix expression a function. The variable - pkgs contains Nixpkgs (by default, it takes the - nixpkgs entry of NIX_PATH, see the Nix - manual for further details), while config - contains the full system configuration. This line can be omitted if there - is no reference to pkgs and config - inside the module. - - - - - This list enumerates the paths to other NixOS modules that should be - included in the evaluation of the system configuration. A default set of - modules is defined in the file - modules/module-list.nix. These don't need to be added - in the import list. - - - - - The attribute options is a nested set of - option declarations (described below). - - - - - The attribute config is a nested set of - option definitions (also described below). - - - - - - shows a module that handles the regular - update of the “locate” database, an index of all files in the file - system. This module declares two options that can be defined by other modules - (typically the user’s configuration.nix): - (whether the database should be - updated) and (when the update - should be done). It implements its functionality by defining two options - declared by other modules: (the set of all - systemd services) and (the list of commands - to be executed periodically by systemd). - - - NixOS Module for the “locate” Service - -{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }: - -with lib; - -let - cfg = config.services.locate; -in { - options.services.locate = { - enable = mkOption { - type = types.bool; - default = false; - description = '' - If enabled, NixOS will periodically update the database of - files used by the locate command. - ''; - }; - - interval = mkOption { - type = types.str; - default = "02:15"; - example = "hourly"; - description = '' - Update the locate database at this interval. Updates by - default at 2:15 AM every day. - - The format is described in - systemd.time - 7. - ''; - }; - - # Other options omitted for documentation - }; - - config = { - systemd.services.update-locatedb = - { description = "Update Locate Database"; - path = [ pkgs.su ]; - script = - '' - mkdir -m 0755 -p $(dirname ${toString cfg.output}) - exec updatedb \ - --localuser=${cfg.localuser} \ - ${optionalString (!cfg.includeStore) "--prunepaths='/nix/store'"} \ - --output=${toString cfg.output} ${concatStringsSep " " cfg.extraFlags} - ''; - }; - - systemd.timers.update-locatedb = mkIf cfg.enable - { description = "Update timer for locate database"; - partOf = [ "update-locatedb.service" ]; - wantedBy = [ "timers.target" ]; - timerConfig.OnCalendar = cfg.interval; - }; - }; -} - - - - - - - - - - - - diff --git a/nixos/doc/manual/from_md/development/writing-modules.chapter.xml b/nixos/doc/manual/from_md/development/writing-modules.chapter.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..e33c24f4f12c --- /dev/null +++ b/nixos/doc/manual/from_md/development/writing-modules.chapter.xml @@ -0,0 +1,196 @@ + + Writing NixOS Modules + + NixOS has a modular system for declarative configuration. This + system combines multiple modules to produce the + full system configuration. One of the modules that constitute the + configuration is /etc/nixos/configuration.nix. + Most of the others live in the + nixos/modules + subdirectory of the Nixpkgs tree. + + + Each NixOS module is a file that handles one logical aspect of the + configuration, such as a specific kind of hardware, a service, or + network settings. A module configuration does not have to handle + everything from scratch; it can use the functionality provided by + other modules for its implementation. Thus a module can + declare options that can be used by other + modules, and conversely can define options + provided by other modules in its own implementation. For example, + the module + pam.nix + declares the option security.pam.services that + allows other modules (e.g. + sshd.nix) + to define PAM services; and it defines the option + environment.etc (declared by + etc.nix) + to cause files to be created in /etc/pam.d. + + + In , we saw the following + structure of NixOS modules: + + +{ config, pkgs, ... }: + +{ option definitions +} + + + This is actually an abbreviated form of module + that only defines options, but does not declare any. The structure + of full NixOS modules is shown in + Example: Structure of NixOS + Modules. + + + + Example: Structure of NixOS + Modules + + +{ config, pkgs, ... }: + +{ + imports = + [ paths of other modules + ]; + + options = { + option declarations + }; + + config = { + option definitions + }; +} + + + The meaning of each part is as follows. + + + + + The first line makes the current Nix expression a function. The + variable pkgs contains Nixpkgs (by default, + it takes the nixpkgs entry of + NIX_PATH, see the + Nix + manual for further details), while + config contains the full system + configuration. This line can be omitted if there is no reference + to pkgs and config inside + the module. + + + + + This imports list enumerates the paths to + other NixOS modules that should be included in the evaluation of + the system configuration. A default set of modules is defined in + the file modules/module-list.nix. These don't + need to be added in the import list. + + + + + The attribute options is a nested set of + option declarations (described below). + + + + + The attribute config is a nested set of + option definitions (also described below). + + + + + Example: NixOS Module for the + locate Service shows a module that handles the + regular update of the locate database, an index of + all files in the file system. This module declares two options that + can be defined by other modules (typically the user’s + configuration.nix): + services.locate.enable (whether the database + should be updated) and services.locate.interval + (when the update should be done). It implements its functionality by + defining two options declared by other modules: + systemd.services (the set of all systemd + services) and systemd.timers (the list of + commands to be executed periodically by systemd). + + + + Example: NixOS Module for the + locate Service + + +{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }: + +with lib; + +let + cfg = config.services.locate; +in { + options.services.locate = { + enable = mkOption { + type = types.bool; + default = false; + description = '' + If enabled, NixOS will periodically update the database of + files used by the locate command. + ''; + }; + + interval = mkOption { + type = types.str; + default = "02:15"; + example = "hourly"; + description = '' + Update the locate database at this interval. Updates by + default at 2:15 AM every day. + + The format is described in + systemd.time(7). + ''; + }; + + # Other options omitted for documentation + }; + + config = { + systemd.services.update-locatedb = + { description = "Update Locate Database"; + path = [ pkgs.su ]; + script = + '' + mkdir -m 0755 -p $(dirname ${toString cfg.output}) + exec updatedb \ + --localuser=${cfg.localuser} \ + ${optionalString (!cfg.includeStore) "--prunepaths='/nix/store'"} \ + --output=${toString cfg.output} ${concatStringsSep " " cfg.extraFlags} + ''; + }; + + systemd.timers.update-locatedb = mkIf cfg.enable + { description = "Update timer for locate database"; + partOf = [ "update-locatedb.service" ]; + wantedBy = [ "timers.target" ]; + timerConfig.OnCalendar = cfg.interval; + }; + }; +} + + + + + + + + + + +