mirror of
https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs.git
synced 2025-06-10 19:55:41 +03:00
f701bd5986
- Update download URLs
- Replace "USB stick"/"USB Drive" with "USB flash drive" as that seem more correct
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drive
https://elementary.io/docs/installation#choose-operating-system
- Don't mention CD as easiest option anymore,
as all modern systems should be able to boot from USB,
but many don't have a CD drive. Burning CDs is also usually wasteful as you
can't burn them again.
- Remove link to NixOS Wiki (Making_the_installation_media) as it is not needed
- Add Etcher and USBImager as graphical tools to create install drive
- Make dd command consistent and use block size of 4 MB for faster flashing
- More consistent text
- Add instructions for "Booting from the install medium"
Inspired by 9a91b0f495/docs/installation.md (booting-from-the-install-drive-booting-from-the-installation-medium-clear-float-2)
- Add instructions for "Graphical Installation"
- Restructure headings and anchors for "Manual Installation"
- Adding legacy anchors for "Manual Installation" to not break links
Co-authored-by: j-k <dev@j-k.io>
Co-authored-by: Sandro <sandro.jaeckel@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Robert Schütz <github@dotlambda.de>
Co-authored-by: Jörg Thalheim <Mic92@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Thiago Kenji Okada <thiagokokada@gmail.com>
72 lines
2.3 KiB
Markdown
72 lines
2.3 KiB
Markdown
# Booting from a USB flash drive {#sec-booting-from-usb}
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The image has to be written verbatim to the USB flash drive for it to be
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bootable on UEFI and BIOS systems. Here are the recommended tools to do that.
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## Creating bootable USB flash drive with a graphical tool {#sec-booting-from-usb-graphical}
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Etcher is a popular and user-friendly tool. It works on Linux, Windows and macOS.
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Download it from [balena.io](https://www.balena.io/etcher/), start the program,
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select the downloaded NixOS ISO, then select the USB flash drive and flash it.
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::: {.warning}
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Etcher reports errors and usage statistics by default, which can be disabled in
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the settings.
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:::
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An alternative is [USBImager](https://bztsrc.gitlab.io/usbimager),
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which is very simple and does not connect to the internet. Download the version
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with write-only (wo) interface for your system. Start the program,
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select the image, select the USB flash drive and click "Write".
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## Creating bootable USB flash drive from a Terminal on Linux {#sec-booting-from-usb-linux}
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1. Plug in the USB flash drive.
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2. Find the corresponding device with `lsblk`. You can distinguish them by
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their size.
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3. Make sure all partitions on the device are properly unmounted. Replace `sdX`
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with your device (e.g. `sdb`).
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```ShellSession
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sudo umount /dev/sdX*
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```
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4. Then use the `dd` utility to write the image to the USB flash drive.
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```ShellSession
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sudo dd if=<path-to-image> of=/dev/sdX bs=4M conv=fsync
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```
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## Creating bootable USB flash drive from a Terminal on macOS {#sec-booting-from-usb-macos}
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1. Plug in the USB flash drive.
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2. Find the corresponding device with `diskutil list`. You can distinguish them
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by their size.
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3. Make sure all partitions on the device are properly unmounted. Replace `diskX`
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with your device (e.g. `disk1`).
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```ShellSession
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diskutil unmountDisk diskX
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```
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4. Then use the `dd` utility to write the image to the USB flash drive.
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```ShellSession
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sudo dd if=<path-to-image> of=/dev/rdiskX bs=4m
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```
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After `dd` completes, a GUI dialog \"The disk
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you inserted was not readable by this computer\" will pop up, which can
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be ignored.
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::: {.note}
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Using the \'raw\' `rdiskX` device instead of `diskX` with dd completes in
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minutes instead of hours.
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:::
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5. Eject the disk when it is finished.
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```ShellSession
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diskutil eject /dev/diskX
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```
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